
GCJoint Impedance Inversion
Transforms Aid Interpretation*
Satinder Chopra¹, Ritesh Kumar Sharma¹, Mohammad Hossein Nemati¹, and Peter Cary¹
Search and Discovery Article #41667 (2015)
Posted August 24, 2015
*Adapted from
the Geophysical Corner column, prepared by the authors, in AAPG Explorer, July, 2015, and entitled "Impedance
Inversion
: Big Aid In Interpretation".
Editor of Geophysical Corner is Satinder Chopra ([email protected]). Managing Editor of AAPG Explorer is Vern Stefanic. AAPG © 2015
¹Arcis Seismic
Solutions, TGS, Calgary, Canada ([email protected])
Having first examined the poststack and prestack methods of seismic
impedance
inversion
(Search and Discovery Article #41622 and #41664) we now end the three-part series by turning our attention to joint
inversion
of multicomponent
data
.
Multicomponent seismic
data
offers many advantages for characterizing reservoirs with the use of PP and PS
data
. A number of articles discussing the applications of multicomponent
data
previously were published in the Geophysical Corner by Bob Hardage and his co-authors (Search and Discovery Articles #40688, #40701, #40792 and #40888). They can be referred to for more information.
♦General statement ♦Figures ♦Method ♦Example ♦Conclusion
♦General statement ♦Figures ♦Method ♦Example ♦Conclusion
♦General statement ♦Figures ♦Method ♦Example ♦Conclusion
♦General statement ♦Figures ♦Method ♦Example ♦Conclusion
♦General statement ♦Figures ♦Method ♦Example ♦Conclusion
♦General statement ♦Figures ♦Method ♦Example ♦Conclusion
♦General statement ♦Figures ♦Method ♦Example ♦Conclusion
♦General statement ♦Figures ♦Method ♦Example ♦Conclusion |
For carrying out any consistent analysis, the first step is to carry out an accurate PP and PS time correspondence, which is accomplished by tying with PP and PS synthetic seismograms respectively, generated over the same range of frequency bandwidth as the input reflection Joint ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() In each case the output Here is a case study It comprises two sandstones: ![]() ![]() The upper sandstone and the conglomerates are separated by an erosional unconformity surface. All three zones (conglomerates, upper sandstone and lower sandstone) are oil and gas producers and collectively comprise the Cardium Formation. The upper sandstone has a higher porosity (about 15 percent), followed by the lower sandstone (about 12 percent) and then the conglomerates (about 5 percent). Consequently, the production The Cardium Formation is underlain by a thick package (more than 300 meters) comprising the Blackstone shale units. Overlying the Cardium is another 320-meter thick shale (Lea Park) extending up to the Wapiti Formation. These thick shale units provide seals to the Cardium Formation and prevent leakage of trapped hydrocarbons. As is common knowledge, when a field has been producing for some time, the reservoir pressure gradually falls and reaches a stage when it is not sufficient to bring the oil to the surface. Sometimes oil is lifted to the surface by means of pumps, in a process referred to as artificial lift. More profitably, the pools are subjected to secondary recovery processes, wherein fluids such as water or gas are injected into the reservoir to artificially increase the pressure and thereby force the oil to the surface. When water is used in this process, the recovery process is called water-flooding. As the Pembina fields have been producing for the last five decades, most of the Cardium reservoirs are now under water-flooding, and the operators are always aiming to economically optimize the water-flooding so as to maximize production. For the area selected for this study, the injection wells have been drilled in linear patterns along the subsurface stress direction that is predominantly Core and well log analysis indicate that both the net pay and porosity in the Cardium Formation show northwest-southeast trends and are seen as low and high amplitudes on the As stated above, there are a number of injection and production wells that fall on the Simultaneous The definition of the Similarly, in Figure 4 we show density equivalent stratal slices These examples illustrate the advantages of joint Interestingly, the oil production Nevertheless, prestack joint |