--> Discrete Fracture Network Modeling of a Giant Middle-East Fractured Carbonate Reservoir, the Bibi Hakimeh Field, SW Iran, by Ole Petter Wennberg, Mohammad Keramati, Mehran Azizzadeh, Frank Mengel, Kellfrid Lyslo, Daniel Berge Sollien, Claus von Winterfeld; #90029 (2004)
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Discrete Fracture Network Previous HitModelingNext Hit of a Giant Middle-East Fractured Carbonate Previous HitReservoirNext Hit, the Bibi Hakimeh Field, SW Iran

Ole Petter Wennberg1*, Mohammad Keramati2, Mehran Azizzadeh2, Frank Mengel1, Kellfrid Lyslo1, Daniel Berge Sollien1, Claus von Winterfeld1**
1 Statoil ASA, 4035 Stavanger, Norway.
2 RIPI, Tehran, Iran.
* [email protected]
** Present address: Petroleum Development Oman LLC, Muscat, Oman

 

The aim of this study was to establish an understanding of the distribution of open fractures in The Bibi Hakimeh Field, a giant Middle East fractured carbonate Previous HitreservoirNext Hit, and their influence on fluid flow behaviour. Further, the aim was to apply this understanding in realistic discrete fracture network (DFN) models, and to generate full field fracture parameters for the dual porosity fluid flow Previous HitsimulationNext Hit model. The investigated field is located in the outer part of the Zagros Mountain Chain in the Dezful Embayment area in SW Iran. The field represents a classical asymmetric NW-SE trending Zagros anticline with a steep SW limb and a shallowly dipping NE limb. Main data sources in this study have been: core, bore-hole image, well productivity index (PI), PLT-logs, mudloss information, structural model and outcrop analogue data. 3D-seismic data have not been available. The high degree of flow heterogeneity in this field is shown by 3 orders of magnitude variation in the initial PI values. For modelling Previous HitpurposesNext Hit fractures have been divided into fracture swarms and diffuse fracturing. Fracture swarms represent short intervals in a well, which are responsible for a major part of its hydrocarbon production. These features may represent clustered fractures, faults or single fractures with extreme apertures, and cut through large parts of the Previous HitreservoirNext Hit unit. Diffuse fracturing are the distributed minor fractures within the Previous HitreservoirNext Hit, and occurs in general as strata-bound fractures with a high angle to the bedding. 2D lateral variation in fracture density has been modeled by use of fracture density maps based on the structural model (dip and curvature) and on PI from wells. In the different full field DFN-model realisations, the fracture density maps have been combined with a 3D fracture facies model derived from well PLT-logs and mudloss information. Finally, the DFN-models were up-scaled to fracture parameters to be used in the dual porosity dynamic Previous HitsimulationNext Hit. The effective fracture conductivities were defined and optimised in an iterative process with the Previous HitreservoirNext Hit Previous HitsimulationTop activity.

Figure 1