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Production Studies Previous HitUsingNext Hit NMR and High-Frequency Dielectric Permittivity

Mohammad R. Taherian1, Andrea Valori1, Ahmad Alzoukani1 and Farhan Ali1

1.Research, Schlumberger Dhahran Carbonate Research, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.

September 17, 2014 Wednesday 2:35 P.M. International Conference & Exhibition, Istanbul, Turkey

Abstract

Mohammad Reza Taherian, Andrea Valori, Ahmad AlZoukani, and Farhan Ali Schlumberger Dhahran Carbonate Research Center The movement of Previous HitfreeNext Hit and bound fluid and its effect on production has been examined Previous HitusingNext Hit nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-frequency dielectric spectroscopy. Fully Previous HitwaterNext Hit-saturated plugs were centrifuged with air Previous HitusingNext Hit small capillary-Previous HitpressureNext Hit steps at 1-psi increments from 0 to 54 psi. At each Previous HitpressureNext Hit step the low-frequency (2-MHz) NMR and high-frequency (0.001–1 GHz) dielectric permittivity were measured. These fine-scale experiments replace the Previous HitwaterNext Hit with air (permittivity of 80 and 1 respectively). As a result the dielectric permittivity signal decreases with centrifugal Previous HitpressureNext Hit since Previous HitwaterNext Hit is replaced with air. The dielectric permittivity data show a gradual depletion of Previous HitfreeNext Hit Previous HitwaterNext Hit from the pore space as the centrifugal Previous HitpressureNext Hit increases from 0 to 5 psi. Above 5 psi the rate of fluid production decreases as the Previous HitpressureNext Hit increases, suggesting that the produced Previous HitwaterNext Hit is bound to the pore surface. Plotting the dielectric permittivity versus centrifugal Previous HitpressureNext Hit shows at least two different production regimes that can be attributed to the Previous HitfreeNext Hit and bound Previous HitwaterNext Hit production. The frequency dependent permittivity fits a sum of three Cole-Cole terms very well. The three Cole-Cole terms are centered at frequencies below 1 GHz which is lower that for the Previous HitfreeNext Hit Previous HitwaterNext Hit (20 GHz) suggesting the signal is originating from Previous HitwaterNext Hit molecules that are not Previous HitfreeNext Hit to reorient and follow the electric field as easily as Previous HitfreeNext Hit Previous HitwaterNext Hit is. As a result the part of the signal represented by the three Cole-Cole terms are attributed to the bound waters that are hindered to different extent by their interaction with the pore wall. The NMR signal also decreases as the centrifugal Previous HitpressureNext Hit increases because the centrifugal Previous HitpressureNext Hit replaces Previous HitwaterNext Hit with air which has no NMR signal. The NMR T2 distribution confirms the production of Previous HitfreeNext Hit Previous HitwaterNext Hit at centrifugal pressures of 0 to 5 psi. As with the permittivity data the NMR signal above 5 psi can be attributed to waters which are bound to the pore surface to varying extent.

AAPG Datapages/Search and Discovery Article #90194 © 2014 International Conference & Exhibition, Istanbul, Turkey, September 14-17, 2014