Comparison of
Probabilistic and Forward Modeling Workflow Approaches for Integrating 4D
Seismic Into Reservoir Models: Application to a
Caers, Jef1, Scarlet S. Castro1,
Hilde C. Meisingset2, Trond Hoye2, Perrine Gomel2,
Eli Zachariassen2 (1) Stanford University, Stanford, CA (2) Norsk
Hydro, Bergen, Norway
The ultimate goal of reservoir modeling
is to obtain a model of the reservoir that is able to predict future flow
performance. Achieving this challenging goal requires the model to honor all
available static (well log, geological information and 3D seismic) and dynamic
(4D seismic and production) data. This paper presents a general methodology and
workflow for reservoir modeling that integrates data from multiple and diverse
sources, using a probabilistic approach addressing the possible inconsistency
and/or redundancy between various data sources. The main contribution of this
paper is the inclusion of 4D seismic data, which has previously not been
accounted for within this workflow. 4D seismic data not only helps monitoring
pressure and saturation changes in the reservoir due to production, but also
identifying the facies where those changes are occurring. Two general
approaches can be followed to include 4D seismic data into the reservoir
modeling workflow. The first approach consists of matching 4D seismic along
with historical production data; and the second approach consists on modeling
the information content of 4D seismic through a spatial probability of facies
occurrence (similar to integration of 3D seismic). This paper presents the
methodology followed to incorporate 4D seismic data using the two proposed
approaches, as well as the application of each of them on a prominent reservoir
located in the
AAPG Search and Discover Article #90063©2007 AAPG Annual Convention, Long Beach, California