--> ABSTRACT: Imaging and Interpretation in Fold and Thrust Belts, by E. D. Bowering, A. J. Fox, R. Gonzalez, A. K. Mathur, M. P. Thornton, R. W. Wiener; #91020 (1995).

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Imaging and Interpretation in Fold and Thrust Belts

E. D. Bowering, A. J. Fox, R. Gonzalez, A. K. Mathur, M. P. Thornton, R. W. Wiener

Imaging and interpretation in complexly structured environments is often hampered by seismic data quality problems brought on by such factors as severe terrain, steep dips, strong lateral velocity contrasts and 3D effects.

Application of seismic modeling, processing and structural modeling technology by the appropriate experts in an integrated approach can help the exploration team understand the source and effects of the data quality problems and identify ways to overcome them.

Data quality problems due to large elevation changes are common in fold and thrust belts, presenting unique problems in data processing. Wave equation statics is a promising way to properly adjust the datum of the unstacked data, clearing the way for better velocity analysis by removing the raypath distortions caused by the irregular surface topography. Good velocity analysis is critical, in turn, to model building for depth migration. Depth migration is necessary to deal with velocity pull-up and distortion due to non-hyperbolic moveout. These problems are caused by large lateral velocity changes often found where older, faster rock is thrust over younger formations, a common scenario in mountain belt exploration. Seismic and structural modeling can be useful to help progress towards more optimal solutions by testing the geophysical and geological feasibility of the model iterations at various stages in the processing sequence.

Examples of application of these techniques on mountain belt datasets will be shown.

AAPG Search and Discovery Article #91020©1995 AAPG Annual Convention, Houston, Texas, May 5-8, 1995